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Lochner v. New York, 198 U.S. 45; 25 S. Ct. 539; 49 L. Ed. 937 (1905) Facts—A New York statute forbade any employee in a bakery of confectionery establishment to be permitted to work over sixty hours in any one…

Holden v. Hardy, 169 U.S. 366; 18 S. Ct. 383; 42 L. Ed. 780 (1898) Facts—Utah enacted an eight-hour day for workmen in underground mines, smelters, and similar places for the reduction of ore and metals, except in the event…

Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad Company, 118 U.S. 394; 6 S. Ct. 1132; 30 L. Ed. 118 (1886) Facts—California brought action against the Southern Pacific and other railroad companies for taxes and interest on taxes assessed on their…

Munn v. Illinois, 94 U.S. 113; 24 L. Ed. 77 (1877) Facts—Ira Y. Munn, et al., were grain warehousemen in Chicago, Illinois, and were sued by Illinois for transacting business without a state license in violation of a state statute…

Slaughterhouse Cases, 16 Wallace (83 U.S.) 36; 21 L. Ed. 394 (1873) Facts—These cases arose under a measure that the Louisiana legislature enacted in 1869. The act, motivated by genuine health concerns and by political corruption, regulated the business of…

United States Trust Co. v. New Jersey, 431 U.S. 1; 97 S. Ct. 1505; 52 L. Ed. 2d 92 (1977) Facts—New York and New Jersey entered into a covenant in 1962 agreeing that so long as bonds remained unpaid and…