Cost of Applying for Citizenship
Applying for U.S. citizenship involves various costs, including filing fees, biometric fees, and additional expenses that may arise based on individual circumstances. While some costs are fixed, others vary depending on location, complexity of the case, and whether professional assistance is needed.
Filing and Biometric Fees
1. Filing Fees for Form N-400
The filing fee for Form N-400, the application for naturalization, is $640 as of 2022. Certain groups are exempt or may qualify for fee waivers or reductions:
- Military Members and Veterans: No fees for filing or biometrics.
- Applicants Aged 75 or Older: No biometric fee required, though the biometric process is still mandatory.
2. Biometric Fees
The biometric fee is approximately $85, covering fingerprinting and other background checks. However, this fee does not apply to:
- Military members or veterans.
- Applicants aged 75 or older.
3. Fee Waivers and Reductions
Applicants facing financial hardship may request a fee waiver or reduction.
- Fee Waiver: Available if:
- You receive a means-tested government benefit.
- Your household income is below 150% of the federal poverty guidelines.
- You face extreme financial hardship.
- Reduced Fee: Available if your household income is no more than 200% of the federal poverty guidelines. The reduced fee is about half the standard fee.
Additional Costs
Beyond filing and biometric fees, applicants may incur other expenses:
1. Document Preparation
- Translation Services: Required for non-English documents.
- Certified Copies: Criminal records, tax returns, and other official documents may need to be obtained, sometimes for a fee.
2. Travel Costs
- Biometrics and Naturalization Interviews:
These appointments are held during business hours, potentially requiring time off work and associated wage loss. - Long-Distance Travel: Applicants far from USCIS offices may face additional travel expenses, including transportation and lodging.
- Overseas Applicants: Two passport-style photographs are required, which involves a fee.
3. Legal Assistance
- Immigration Attorneys: Hiring an attorney can cost from a few hundred to several thousand dollars, depending on case complexity. Attorneys experienced in immigration law can ensure proper application preparation and representation before USCIS if needed.
Summary of Costs
| Expense | Approximate Cost | Exceptions or Notes |
| Form N-400 Filing Fee | $640 | Exempt for military members and veterans. |
| Biometrics Fee | $85 | Waived for applicants 75+ and military members/veterans. |
| Document Preparation | Varies | Includes translation, certified copies, and tax records. |
| Travel Expenses | Varies | Costs depend on proximity to USCIS office and lodging needs. |
| Legal Assistance | $500–$5,000+ | Optional but helpful for complex cases. |
Considerations
- Carefully review financial aid options such as waivers or reduced fees if eligible.
- Plan for travel and document preparation costs in advance to avoid last-minute delays.
- Weigh the benefits of legal assistance, especially if the case involves complications such as past criminal records or extensive travel history.
Applying for U.S. citizenship requires financial preparation, but careful planning and awareness of exemptions and reductions can help manage the costs effectively.
