Applying for an F-1 or M-1 Visa as an International Student in the U.S.
If you’re a foreign national seeking to study in the United States, you’ll need to apply for an F-1 or M-1 visa, depending on the type of program you’re attending. This visa grants you permission to live and study in the U.S. for the duration of your academic or vocational course.
F-1 vs. M-1 Visa: What’s the Difference?
- F-1 Visa – For students attending academic programs, such as college, university, high school, seminary, or language training programs.
- M-1 Visa – For students enrolling in vocational or non-academic programs, like technical schools or training institutes.
Step-by-Step Application Process for F-1 and M-1 Visas
Here’s how the visa application process typically works:
- Apply to a SEVP-Certified School
Start by applying to a U.S. institution certified by the Student and Exchange Visitor Program (SEVP). - Pay the SEVIS I-901 Fee
Once accepted, register with the Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS) and pay the required SEVIS I-901 fee. - Receive Form I-20
After confirming your enrollment and payment, the school will issue Form I-20, which you must include in your visa application. - Apply for a Visa
Complete the DS-160 Nonimmigrant Visa Application Form online and schedule an interview at a U.S. embassy or consulate in your home country.
When Should You Apply?
You can apply for an F-1 or M-1 visa up to 120 days before your program starts. Due to processing times, start gathering documentation and contacting consulates at least a year in advance of your intended start date.
Documents Required for the Visa Application
To ensure a smooth process, gather the following:
- Completed DS-160 form (available online)
- Form I-20 from your school
- Passport (valid for at least 6 months beyond your stay)
- 2×2 inch passport-style photograph
- Proof of fee payment (SEVIS I-901 fee and visa application fee)
- Academic records, such as diplomas, transcripts, and test scores
- Evidence of financial resources to cover tuition and living expenses
- Proof of intent to return to your home country
Financial and Non-Immigrant Intent Requirements
U.S. consular officers must ensure:
- You do not plan to work in the U.S.
- You intend to return home after your program ends
- You can financially support yourself and any dependents during your stay
To satisfy these conditions, provide:
- Bank statements and scholarship letters
- Form I-134 (Affidavit of Support) if someone else is helping fund your studies
- Documents showing ties to your home country, such as
- Property ownership or lease agreements
- Letters from employers
- Family records
- Return flight bookings
- Career plans in your home country
- A sworn statement of your intent to return
Educational Institution Eligibility
Note the following rules when selecting a school:
- You must attend a SEVP-approved institution
- You can study at private schools, universities, and vocational institutions
- You cannot attend public elementary or middle schools
- You may attend one year at a public high school, but must pay the full cost of attendance
The F-1 and M-1 visa application process is detailed and time-sensitive, but it’s also your gateway to world-class education and training opportunities in the U.S. With proper planning, documentation, and support from your chosen institution, you can navigate the process successfully and begin your academic journey.
